2. Signaling Pathways
  3. GPCR/G Protein
    Neuronal Signaling
  4. Adrenergic Receptor

Adrenergic Receptor

Beta Receptor

Adrenergic Receptor

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Adrenergic receptors are a class of G protein-coupled receptors that are targets of the catecholamines, especially norepinephrine and epinephrine. Many cells possess these receptors, and the binding of a catecholamine to the receptor will generally stimulate the sympathetic nervous system. The sympathetic nervous system is responsible for the fight-or-flight response, which includes widening the pupils of the eye, mobilizing energy, and diverting blood flow from non-essential organs to skeletal muscle. There are two main groups of adrenergic receptors, α and β, with several subtypes. α receptors have the subtypes α1 and α2. β receptors have the subtypes β1, β2 and β3. All three are linked to Gs proteins, which in turn are linked to adenylate cyclase. Agonist binding thus causes a rise in the intracellular concentration of the second messenger cAMP. Downstream effectors of cAMP include cAMP-dependent protein kinase (PKA), which mediates some of the intracellular events following hormone binding.

Adrenergic Receptor Isoform Specific Products:

Adrenergic Receptor Isoform Comparison
Cat. No. Product Name Effect Purity Chemical Structure
  • HY-103093
    Zotepine
    		Antagonist 99.85%
    Zotepine, an antipsychotic agent, is a potent antagonist of 5-HT2A, 5-HT2C, Histamine H1, α1-adrenergic and Dopamine D2 receptors, with Kds of 2.6 nM, 3.2 nM, 3.3 nM, 7.3 nM and 8 nM, respectively. Zotepine exhibits antidepressive and anxiolytic effects in vivo.
    Zotepine
  • HY-132184
    5,6-Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid
    		99.00%
    5,6-Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (5,6-EET; (±)5,6-EpETrE) is a fully racemic version of the enantiomeric forms biosynthesized from arachidonic acid by cytochrome P450 enzymes. In solution, 5,6-Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid degrades into 5,6-DiHET and 5,6-δ-lactone, which can be converted to 5,6-DiHET and quantified by GC-MS. In neuroendocrine cells, such as the anterior pituitary and pancreatic islets, 5,6-Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid has been implicated in the mobilization of calcium and hormone secretion. 5,6-Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid is an inhibitor of T-type voltage-gated calcium channels (Cav3) that inhibits isoforms Cav3.1, Cav3.2 (IC50=0.54 μM), and Cav3. and decreases nifedipine-resistant phenylephrine-induced vasoconstriction in isolated mouse mesenteric arteries via Cav3.2 blockade when used at a concentration of 3 μM. In addition, it is a substrate of COX-1 and COX-2.
    5,6-Epoxyeicosatrienoic acid
  • HY-B1035
    Levobunolol hydrochloride
    		Antagonist 99.95%
    Levobunolol (l-Bunolol) hydrochloride is a potent and nonselective β-adrenergic receptor antagonist. Levobunolol hydrochloride is an ocular hypotensive agent and lowers mean intraocular pressure (IOP). Levobunolol hydrochloride can be used for glaucoma and superior oblique myokymia (SOM) research.
    Levobunolol hydrochloride
  • HY-B1810
    Tulobuterol
    		Agonist 99.69%
    Tulobuterol (C-78 free base) is a long-acting β2-adrenoceptor agonist, which reduces the frequency of exacerbations of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and bronchial asthma. Tulobuterol is also a sympathomimetic agent used as a transdermal patch, and increases normal diaphragm muscle strength.
    Tulobuterol
  • HY-B0225B
    Methyldopa hydrate
    		Agonist 99.95%
    Methyldopa hydrate (L-(-)-α-Methyldopa hydrate), a potent antihyoertensive agent, is an alpha-adrenergic agonist (selective for α2-adrenergic receptors). Methyldopa hydrate is a proagent and is metabolized (α-Methylepinephrine) in the central nervous system.
    Methyldopa hydrate
  • HY-A0144A
    Etilefrine hydrochloride
    		Agonist 99.90%
    Etilefrine hydrochloride is a sympathetic nerve agonist and AMPK activator that selectively targets α1/β1 adrenergic receptors. Etilefrine hydrochloride stimulates α1 adrenergic receptors, leading to contraction of vascular smooth muscle and increased peripheral resistance. Etilefrine hydrochloride also stimulates β1 receptors to enhance myocardial contractility and increase heart rate, thereby increasing blood pressure and improving cardiac output. Etilefrine hydrochloride also bidirectionally regulates the AMPK/Akt pathway and modulates the phosphorylation levels. Etilefrine hydrochloride can be used in cardiovascular research, such as postural hypotension, chylothorax, and improving low cardiac output.
    Etilefrine hydrochloride
  • HY-B0192
    Alfuzosin
    		Antagonist 99.86%
    Alfuzosin (SL 77499-10) is an orally active, selective and competitive α1-adrenoceptor antagonist. Alfuzosin relaxes the muscles of the prostate and bladder neck, aiding in urination. Alfuzosin can be used in study of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).
    Alfuzosin
  • HY-B0452
    Ritodrine hydrochloride
    		Agonist 99.82%
    Ritodrine (DU21220) hydrochloride is a potent and orally active β-adrenergic agonist. Ritodrine hydrochloride decreases preterm delivery and uterine contraction. Ritodrine hydrochloride has the potential for the research of preterm labor.
    Ritodrine hydrochloride
  • HY-148825
    NP10679
    		Inhibitor 98.40%
    NP10679 is a selective, pH dependent GluN2B subunit-specific N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor inhibitor with high oral bioavailability and good brain penetration. NP10679 inhibits GluN2B with IC50s of 23 and 142 nM at pH 6.9 and 7.6, respectively. NP10679 is a histamine H1 antagonist and a hERG channel inhibitor with IC50s of 73 and 620 nM, respectively. NP10679 is a reversible inhibitor of human liver CYP enzymes.
    NP10679
  • HY-12760
    Indoramin
    		99.80%
    Indoramin is an orally active antihypertensive agent. Indoramin is also selective for the α1A-adrenoceptor.
    Indoramin
  • HY-B1052A
    Lofexidine
    		Agonist 99.08%
    Lofexidine is a selective α2-receptor agonist, commonly used to alleviate the physical symptoms of heroin and other types of opioid withdrawal.
    Lofexidine
  • HY-117071
    Dabuzalgron
    		Agonist 98.72%
    Dabuzalgron (Ro 115-1240) is an orally active and selective α-1A adrenergic receptor agonist for the treatment of urinary incontinence. Dabuzalgron protects against Doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity by preserving mitochondrial function.
    Dabuzalgron
  • HY-B1298
    Methoxamine hydrochloride
    		Agonist 99.32%
    Methoxamine hydrochloride is a selective alpha1-adrenergic receptor agonist. Methoxamine hydrochloride causes vasoconstriction and increased peripheral vascular resistance. Methoxamine hydrochloride significantly increased the overflow of ATP, ADP and AMP, but not adenosine, by a prazosin-sensitive mechanism in the rabbit pulmonary artery.
    Methoxamine hydrochloride
  • HY-122537A
    Arotinolol
    		Antagonist 99.93%
    Arotinolol is a nonselective α/β-adrenergic receptor blocker and a vasodilating β-blocker. Arotinolol also shows potency for inhibiting the binding of the radioligand 125I-ICYP to 5HT1B-serotonergic receptor sites. Arotinolol is an antihypertensive agent for the treatment of a variety of cardiovascular pathologies as well as non-cardiovascular diseases.
    Arotinolol
  • HY-119515
    Denopamine
    		Agonist 98.29%
    Denopamine ((R)-(-)-Denopamine) is an orally active, selective β1-adrenergic agonist. Denopamine prolongs survival in a murine model of congestive heart failure induced by viral myocarditis: suppression of tumor necrosis factor-α production in the heart. Cardiovascular effects.
    Denopamine
  • HY-B0194
    Tizanidine
    		Agonist 99.58%
    Tizanidine, a skeletal muscle relaxant, is an orally effective central α2-adrenoceptor agonist (IC50 = 6.9 nmol). Tizanidine primarily exerts muscle relaxation effects by inhibiting the release of excitatory amino acids (glutamate and aspartate) from the presynaptic terminals of spinal cord interneurons. Tizanidine has anti-injury activity and can inhibit gastrointestinal (GI) transport. Tizanidine can inhibit the proliferation, migration, and invasion of lung cancer cells and induce cell apoptosis by upregulating Nischarin and inhibiting the AKT and Wnt3a/β-catenin signaling pathways. Tizanidine can be used to treat spasticity caused by diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS), stroke, and spinal cord injury (SCI).
    Tizanidine
  • HY-12882
    Ifenprodil
    		Antagonist 99.94%
    Ifenprodil (NP-120), a cerebral vasodilator, is a noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist. Ifenprodil exerts high affinity at NR1A/NR2B receptors (IC50=0.34 μM) over 400-fold than at NR1A/NR2A receptors (IC50=146 μM). Ifenprodil is an α1 adrenergic receptor antagonist. Ifenprodil inhibits GIRK (Kir3), reduces inward currents through the basal GIRK activity. Ifenprodil has reliable inhibitory effects against A/H1N1 strains (EC50 of 6.6 µM). Ifenprodil has neuroprotective, anticonvulsant and antinociceptive effects. Ifenprodil can be used for the study of cerebrovascular diseases and peripheral arterial obliterative disease.
    Ifenprodil
  • HY-17416A
    Guanfacine
    		Agonist 99.85%
    Guanfacine is an orally active noradrenergic α2A agonist and has high selective for the α2A receptor subtype. Guanfacine has effects in producing hypotension and sedation. Guanfacine can be used for the research of a variety of prefrontal cortex (PFC) cognitive disorders, including tourette's syndrome and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
    Guanfacine
  • HY-N4225
    Aaptamine
    		Antagonist 99.71%
    Aaptamine is an alkaloid that can be isolated from the sponge Aaptos suberitoides. Aaptamine is a competitive antagonist of the α-adrenergic receptor, as well as an inhibitor of the proteasome and cholinesterase. Aaptamine is cytotoxic to tumor cells and can induce apoptosis, cell cycle arrest of tumor cells, and the expression of p21 through a p53-independent pathway. Aaptamine has multiple activities such as anti-tumor, antioxidant, antibacterial, and analgesic effects.
    Aaptamine
  • HY-101327A
    Xamoterol hemifumarate
    		Agonist 99.92%
    Xamoterol hemifumarate is a selective and potent agonist of beta1-adrenergic receptor. Xamoterol hemifumarate has the potential for the research of arrhythmogenesis. Xamoterol hemifumarate has the potential for the investigating the relationship between β1-adrenergic stimulation and IKr.
    Xamoterol hemifumarate
Cat. No. Product Name / Synonyms Application Reactivity
Adrenergic Receptor Isoform Comparison

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